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目的观察老年人拔牙中麻醉剂复方阿替卡因(碧兰麻)及利多卡因局部浸润麻醉或阻滞麻醉后行拔牙术镇痛的疗效。方法将2009年1月至2010年10月大理州人民医院口腔颌面外科门诊收治的134例老年拔牙患者随机分为复方阿替卡因麻醉组(67例)、利多卡因麻醉组(67例)。分别使用麻醉剂5min后,行牙拔出术,根据患者表情和医生评价确定麻醉效果,统计麻醉完全、良好、有效和无效的比例,以及不良反应的发生率,并对麻醉起效时间进行比较。结果复方阿替卡因麻醉组麻醉效果及起效时间明显优于利多卡因麻醉组(均P<0.05)。两组患者均无局部疼痛、水肿、头晕、恶心、呕吐和过敏反应等不良反应的发生。结论复方阿替卡因在老年人拔牙术中,是一种安全可靠值得推广使用的口腔局部麻醉药。
Objective To observe the effect of extracting dentin anesthesia in patients with geriatric extraction of bupivacaine (bitland hemp) and lidocaine by local infiltration anesthesia or block anesthesia. Methods A total of 134 elderly patients with tooth extraction admitted to the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Dali People’s Hospital from January 2009 to October 2010 were randomly divided into compound articaine anesthesia group (67 cases), lidocaine anesthesia group (67 cases ). After anesthesia was given for 5 minutes, the tooth was pulled out. The anesthetic effect was determined according to the patient’s facial expression and the doctor’s evaluation. The complete, good, effective and ineffective ratio of anesthesia and the incidence of adverse reactions were also calculated. The onset time of anesthesia was also compared. Results The anesthetic effect and the onset time of the compound articaine anesthesia group were significantly better than that of lidocaine anesthesia group (all P <0.05). There was no local pain, edema, dizziness, nausea, vomiting and allergic reactions in both groups. Conclusion Compound articaine is a safe and reliable oral local anesthetic that is widely used in tooth extraction in the elderly.