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目的通过前瞻性研究喂养方式与婴幼儿期喘息发作的相关性,探讨母乳喂养是否能降低喘息发作率。方法采集上海市浦东新区周浦镇及康桥镇2008年1月-2011年6月出生的足月产健康新生儿2 150例(列入统计者1 342例),根据喂养方式不同,分为纯母乳喂养组与纯人工喂养组,随访至3周岁,观察两组婴幼儿期喘息发作情况。结果纯人工喂养组婴幼儿期≥1次喘息发病率为33.94%,高于纯母乳喂养组的30.35%,但差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.988,P>0.05);而纯人工喂养组婴幼儿≥3次喘息发病率为23.01%,明显大于母乳喂养儿的10.98%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=32.190,P<0.01)。结论母乳喂养可减少婴幼儿期喘息发作率。
Objective To investigate whether breastfeeding can reduce the incidence of wheezing through a prospective study of the relationship between feeding patterns and wheezing in infancy. Methods Totally 2 150 full-term healthy newborns born in Zhoupu Town and Kangqiao Town of Pudong New Area in January 2008-June 2011 were enrolled in this study. Feeding group and pure artificial feeding group, followed up to 3 years old, observed wheezing episodes in both groups during infancy. Results The incidence of wheezing ≥ 1 wheeze in infants of pure artificial feeding group was 33.94%, which was higher than that of pure breastfeeding group (30.35%), but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2 = 1.988, P> 0.05) The incidence of wheezing≥3 times in infants was 23.01%, significantly higher than that in breastfeeding children (10.98%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 32.190, P <0.01). Conclusion Breastfeeding can reduce the incidence of wheezing in infancy.