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研究目的:为了探索大腿与小腿腿长比率与纵跳能力的相关性。选取某大学体育学院16名硕士研究生作为研究对象,其专项包括田径、羽毛球、篮球、排球等,其中男性8名,平均年龄24岁;身高(178.2±3.0)cm、体重(71.8±3.9)kg、大腿腿长(54.56±2.1)cm、小腿腿长(37.78±1.8)cm;女8名,平均年龄24岁;身高(161.9±3.4)cm、体重(53.1±5.9)kg、大腿腿长(49.3±2.2)cm、小腿腿长(35.1±1.2)cm。研究方法:采用Kistler 9281E测力台测出纵跳能力有关的指标,用皮尺测出大腿与小腿腿长,通过皮尔森相关分析大腿与小腿腿长比率与纵跳能力相关指标之间的关系。研究结果:在SJ模式模式下:纵跳高度和下肢爆发力在男女之间均具有高度的显著性差异(p<0.01),起跳速度男女之间也具有显著性差异(p<0.05);在CMJ模式下纵跳高度、全身爆发力与纵跳速度均在男女之间均存在高度的显著性差异(p<0.01);男性受试者在SJ模式下纵跳高度与大小腿长度比例具有低度正相关,但不具有显著性(p>0.05),下肢爆发力与起跳速度与大小腿腿长比率不存在相关性;在CMJ模式下起跳速度与大小腿长度比例具有低度正相关,但不具有显著性,全身爆发力与纵跳高度与大小腿腿长比率不存在相关性,女性受试者在SJ模式下纵跳高度、下肢爆发力与起跳速度与大小腿腿长比率均不存在相关性;在CMJ模式下纵跳高度与大小腿腿长比例具有中度负相关,不具有显著性,但接近显著性差异(p=0.051),全身爆发力与起跳速度与大小腿腿长比率不存在相关性。研究结论:结果表明男、女性在纵跳相关指标测试中存在较大差异,大小腿腿长差异显著,但大小腿腿长比例未见显著性差异,相对于男性运动员在选材时并不需要过度的关注腿长与腿长比例,女性运动员在选材时大小腿的腿长比例越小纵跳能力会越好,因此女性运动员选材时在其他条件相似情况下,小腿长度稍长可作为选材指标之一。
The purpose of the study: In order to explore the thigh and leg leg length ratio and vertical jump ability. A total of 16 master’s degree students from a college physical education college were selected as research objects. The special subjects included track and field, badminton, basketball and volleyball, including 8 males, with an average age of 24 years. The height was 178.2 ± 3.0 cm and the weight was 71.8 ± 3.9 kg (54.56 ± 2.1) cm, calf length (37.78 ± 1.8) cm, and 8 females with an average age of 24 years. The height was 161.9 ± 3.4 cm, the weight was 53.1 ± 5.9 kg, 49.3 ± 2.2) cm, leg length (35.1 ± 1.2) cm. Methods: Kftler 9281E was used to measure the index of vertical jump ability. The thigh and calf length were measured with a tape measure. The relationship between the ratio of thigh to calf leg length to the index of vertical jump ability was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: In the SJ mode, the height of the vertical jump and the explosive force of the lower extremities have a highly significant difference between men and women (p <0.01), and there is also a significant difference between male and female take-off speed (p <0.05) There was a highly significant difference between male and female in vertical jump height, whole body explosive force and longitudinal jump speed (p <0.01). In male subjects, the ratio of longitudinal jump height to leg length in SJ mode had a low positive (P> 0.05). There was no correlation between the explosive force and the take-off speed of the lower limbs and the ratio of leg length to leg length. There was a low positive correlation between take-off speed and the ratio of leg length to leg length in CMJ mode, but not significant There was no correlation between sexual explosive strength, vertical jump height and the ratio of leg length to leg length. There was no correlation between the vertical jump height of the female subjects in SJ mode, the explosive force of the lower limbs and the ratio of the leg length to the leg length. There was a moderate negative correlation between longitudinal jump height and the ratio of leg length to leg length, which was not significant but close to significant difference (p = 0.051). There was no correlation between body explosive force and takeoff speed and leg length ratio. Conclusions: The results show that there is a big difference between the male and the female in the test of longitudinal jump, and there is significant difference between leg length and leg length, but there is no significant difference between leg length and leg length, which is not needed when compared with male athletes Attention to the length and length of the leg length, female athletes in the selection of the size of the legs, the smaller the proportion of the length of the vertical jump ability will be better, so the selection of female athletes in other conditions similar circumstances, the lower leg length can be used as a selection indicator one.