“理解常见实词在文中的含义”是《考试说明》对文言文考查要求之一。高考对学生文言文实词的考查,并不是对原有知识的复现和回忆,而是运用这些知识解决实际问题,亦即知识迁移。要正确掌握实词,除了重视文言实词的特殊用法(通假字、一词多义、古今异义、偏义复词等)外,推断能力必不可少,具体做法如下: (一)借助形符推断词义法借助形符推断词义法,就是通过对形符的 “Understanding the meaning of the common real words in the text” is one of the examination requirements of the “exam description” for classical Chinese. The examination of students’ classical Chinese words in the college entrance examination is not the reproduction and recollection of the original knowledge, but the use of this knowledge to solve practical problems, that is, knowledge transfer. To grasp real words correctly, in addition to paying attention to the special usages of classical Chinese words (passwords, polysemy, ancient and modern meanings, partial meanings, etc.), the inference ability is indispensable. The specific methods are as follows: (1) Inference through the use of shape symbols The word meaning method uses the denotation to infer the word sense, that is, through the symbol