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在胚胎形成期,内皮祖细胞参与原始脉管结构形成的起始过程。在成人也存在血管内皮祖细胞形成血管内皮细胞。内皮祖细胞通常存在成人骨髓中,但可被细胞因子或血管生长因子动员进入外周循环,进入血管外组织而导致成人脉管形成。因此自体内皮祖细胞动员或移植已经成为治疗缺血性疾病和内皮损伤时治疗性再血管化的重要方法。
During embryogenesis, endothelial progenitor cells are involved in the initiation of the formation of primitive vasculature. Vascular endothelial progenitor cells also form vascular endothelial cells in adults. Endothelial progenitor cells are commonly found in adult bone marrow but can be mobilized into the peripheral circulation by cytokines or angiogenic growth factors and into extravascular tissues resulting in adult vascularization. Therefore mobilization or transplantation of autologous endothelial progenitor cells has become an important method of therapeutic revascularization in the treatment of ischemic diseases and endothelial damage.