目的　探讨单纯性肾囊肿的组织起源。方法　 2 0例囊液标本取自 12位男性和 8位女性 ,采用两种方法 :(1)测定囊液中钠 (Na+ )、钾 (K+ )、氯 (Cl-)、尿素氮 (BUN)、肌酐 (Cr)、葡萄糖 (Glu)、总蛋白 (TP)等物质的浓度 ,并与血浆中的浓度相比较 ;(2 )选用两种高选择定位于不同肾小管节段的酶标植物血凝素 ,四叶莲凝集素和jacalin凝集素 ,对单纯性肾囊肿标本进行组织化学研究。四叶莲凝集素定位于近端肾小管 ,而 jacalin凝集素定位于远端肾小管和集合管。结果　 (1)标本中Na+ 、K+ 、Cl-、BUN、Cr、Glu的浓度与血浆中浓度基本相等 ,而血浆中总蛋白的浓度则高于囊液中浓度 ;(2 ) 15例囊肿内衬上皮的四叶莲凝集素染色均呈强阳性 ,而 jacalin凝集素染色有 7例为阴性 ,另 8例为部分弱阳性。结论　单纯性肾囊肿可能起源于近端肾小管 Objective To investigate the tissue origin of simple renal cysts. Methods Twenty cases of cyst fluid samples from 12 males and 8 females were enrolled. Two methods were used: (1) Sodium (Na +), potassium (K +), chloride (Cl-) and urea nitrogen (BUN) , Creatinine (Cr), glucose (Glu), total protein (TP) and other substances, and compared with the plasma concentration; (2) the selection of two high selective positioning in different tubular segments of the enzyme- Lectin, four-leaf lotus lectin and jacalin lectin, simple renal cysts specimens for histochemical studies. Four-leaf lotus lectin localized in the proximal tubules, and jacalin agglutinin located in the distal tubules and collecting tube. Results (1) The concentrations of Na +, K +, Cl-, BUN, Cr and Glu in the samples were almost the same as those in plasma, while the concentrations of total protein in plasma were higher than those in cyst fluid. (2) Epidermal four-leaf lotus lectin staining were strongly positive, while jacalin lectin staining was negative in 7 cases, and the other 8 cases were partially weakly positive. Conclusions Simple renal cysts may originate from proximal tubules