聚落遗产是文化遗产的重要组成部分。上世纪80年代以来,中国逐步构建了由“历史文化名城、镇、村、街区”组成的保护体系,来保护我国数量众多、分布广泛的聚落遗产。名城名镇名村制度建立30多年来,目前已经有123座名城、252座名镇和276座名村被列为国家级的保护对象。但是一些聚落遗产的保护却不尽如人意,特别是近年来,许多地区高强度的建设活动对聚落遗产形成了“乌云压城城欲 Settlement heritage is an important part of cultural heritage. Since the 1980s, China has gradually established a protection system consisting of ”historic and cultural cities, towns, villages and blocks" to protect the large and widespread settlement heritage in our country. For more than 30 years since the establishment of the famous village system in famous cities and towns, 123 famous cities, 252 famous towns and 276 famous villages and towns have been listed as national protection targets. However, the protection of some settlements is not satisfactory, especially in recent years, the intensive construction activities in many areas have shaped the legacy of the settlement.