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盆栽试验中,向小豆根际土壤添加0(对照)、0.1、1和10 mmol/L 4个浓度的邻苯二甲酸和肉桂酸2种外源酚酸,研究小豆根际土壤微生物数量和酶活性的变化。结果表明,肉桂酸和邻苯二甲酸不同程度抑制了土壤酶活性。随着处理时间延长,过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶和脲酶活性均呈下降趋势。其中,与对照相比,10 mmol/L肉桂酸和邻苯二甲酸处理的第14 d,脲酶的活性下降了9.2%和14.4%,处理的第42 d,下降了34.85%和39.7%。另外,邻苯二甲酸和肉桂酸降低了土壤细菌和放线菌的数量。1 mg/kg邻苯二甲酸处理的第42 d,细菌数量和放线菌数量分别比对照降低了25.89%和31.45%,真菌数量较对照显著升高16.8%。相关分析表明,磷酸酶与细菌数量极显著正相关、与放线菌数量显著正相关,与真菌数量显著负相关。因此,外源酚酸使根际土壤微生物结构失调,土壤酶活性下降,对小豆生长造成自毒伤害。
In the pot experiment, two kinds of exogenous phenolic acids such as 0 (control), 0.1, 1 and 10 mmol / L phthalic acid and cinnamic acid were added to adzuki bean rhizosphere soils to study the effects of soil microbial quantity and enzyme Changes in activity. The results showed that cinnamic acid and phthalic acid inhibited soil enzyme activity to varying degrees. With the prolongation of treatment time, the activity of catalase, invertase, phosphatase and urease showed a decreasing trend. Compared with the control, urease activity decreased by 9.2% and 14.4% on the 14th day after treatment with 10 mmol / L cinnamic acid and phthalic acid, and decreased by 34.85% and 39.7% on the 42nd day. In addition, phthalic acid and cinnamic acid reduce the amount of soil bacteria and actinomycetes. On the 42nd day after treatment with 1 mg / kg phthalic acid, the number of bacteria and actinomycetes decreased by 25.89% and 31.45% respectively compared with the control, and the number of fungi increased significantly by 16.8% compared with the control. Correlation analysis showed that phosphatase had a significant positive correlation with the number of bacteria, a significant positive correlation with the number of actinomycetes and a significant negative correlation with the number of fungi. Therefore, the exogenous phenolic acids make rhizosphere soil microbial imbalance, decreased soil enzyme activity, causing toxic injury to adzuki bean growth.