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本文对上海市7872对新婚夫妇婚前,包括结婚登记前和结婚登记至办婚礼期间(简称举办婚礼前,下同)避孕措施的使用状况作了分析。结果表明,结婚登记前和婚礼前,分别有12.3%和15.4%的夫妇有过性行为,其中分别有35.2%和23.7%的夫妇使用过避孕措施。最常使用的避孕措施为安全期、避孕套和体外排精。避孕失败率分别为33.7%和18.0%。避孕失败的最重要原因是安全期计算失误和体外排精失控。结婚登记前不使用避孕措施的主要原因是缺乏避孕知识和无法获得药具。影响夫妇在结婚登记前和婚礼前使用避孕措施的因素有:妻子的避孕知识分数、与他人谈论避孕的能力、夫妇的晚育意愿,发生性行为距结婚登记或距办婚礼的时间间隔。本文对婚前使用的避孕药具的来源及对避孕知识的了解途径也作了分析。调查表明,加强对未婚青年(包括已领取结婚证但尚未办婚礼的夫妇)避孕知识的宣教和避孕药具的发放是必要的。
This article analyzes the use of contraceptive measures in Shanghai 7872 for newlyweds before their marriage, including before marriage registration and marriage registration till the wedding (hereinafter referred to as the wedding). The results showed that before marriage and before the wedding, 12.3% and 15.4% of couples respectively had sexual intercourse, of which 35.2% and 23.7% of couples respectively used contraception. The most commonly used contraceptives are safety, condoms and in vitro ejaculation. The failure rate of contraception was 33.7% and 18.0% respectively. The most important reason for contraception failure is miscalculation of safety period and loss of control of in vitro ejaculation. The main reasons for not using contraception before marriage registration are lack of contraceptive knowledge and lack of access to medicines. Factors that affect couples’ use of contraceptives before marriage registration and before the wedding include: Wife’s contraceptive knowledge, ability to talk about contraceptives with others, willingness of childbearing for couples, time between marriage registration and marriage. This article also analyzes the sources of contraceptives used before marriage and the ways to understand contraceptive knowledge. Surveys have shown that it is necessary to strengthen the dissemination of contraceptive knowledge and contraceptives to unmarried young people (including those who have received the marriage certificate but are not yet married).