本文较系统地研究和讨论了海潮负荷效应计算的精度问题。建立了总的及单项的误差估算模型。对中国大陆M_2波重力、倾斜和应变的负荷计算都给出了精度估值。结果表明,海潮负荷效应计算精度明显地受地球模型和海潮图精度的限制,尤其是地球模型选取不同,对结果影响更大。越靠近沿海,其相对精度越低。并对目前的负荷研究、改正精度等进行了分析和评价。 This paper systematically studies and discusses the accuracy of the tidal load effect calculation. The establishment of a total and single error estimation model. Accurate estimates of the M_2 wave gravity, tilt and strain loads in mainland China are given. The results show that the accuracy of the ocean tide load effect is obviously limited by the accuracy of the earth model and the tide chart, especially the selection of the earth model has a greater impact on the result. The closer the coast, the lower its relative accuracy. At the same time, the current load research and correction accuracy are analyzed and evaluated.