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目的了解中国内地25例输入性寨卡病毒病病例流行病学和临床特征,为寨卡病毒病防控工作提供参考依据。方法 2016年2月至2017年5月,收集中国内地25例输入性寨卡病毒病病例基本情况、流行病学暴露史、临床表现、实验室检测等信息进行描述性分析。结果 25例输入性病例输入来源国以委内瑞拉最多(17/25,占68.0%),年龄中位数为30岁,男女性别比为1.5∶1,职业分布以商业服务者最多(12/25,占48.0%),发现方式以入境检疫和健康随访发现较多(均为9例,各占36.0%)。所有病例均出现皮疹,出现结膜炎和发热的比例分别为64.0%及52.0%;病例标本实验室检测阳性率依次为尿液(92.0%)、唾液(80.0%)和血液(60.0%)。结论加强对赴美洲等有寨卡病毒流行国家出境人员的健康教育,使其掌握寨卡病毒病防控知识;加强自疫情国家入境人员的检验检疫;皮疹、尿液阳性可作为诊断寨卡病毒病的重要依据。
Objective To understand the epidemiological and clinical features of 25 cases of imported Zika virus in Mainland China and provide references for the prevention and control of Zika virus disease. Methods From February 2016 to May 2017, 25 cases of imported Zika virus disease in mainland China were collected, including the basic situation, the epidemiological exposure history, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests and other information for descriptive analysis. Results The 25 cases of imported patients were from Venezuela (17/25, 68.0%), the median age was 30 years old, the male to female ratio was 1.5:1, and the occupational distribution was the largest among commercial service providers (12/25, Accounting for 48.0%). The methods of detection were found mainly in entry quarantine and health follow-up (9 cases, 36.0% each). The incidence of skin rashes, conjunctivitis and fever were 64.0% and 52.0% in all cases. The positive rates of urine samples were 92.0%, saliva 80.0% and blood 60.0% respectively. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the health education for those leaving the country where Zika virus is endemic in the Americas so that they can grasp the knowledge of prevention and control of Zika virus and strengthen the inspection and quarantine of the immigrants from the countries where the epidemic is caused. The rash and urine positive can be used as diagnostic Zika virus An important basis for the disease.