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目的:对心血管疾病患者出现医院感染进行必要的分析,例如主要感染部位或是发生感染的时间等,进而可采取有效的监控措施,以降低医院感染发生的概率,提高医疗服务的质量。方法:对2004年1月至2006年12月出院的589例心血管疾病患者进行统计学调查,然后按发生医院感染的诊断标准进行登记以及统计分析。结果:心血管病患者出现医院感染的比率为54%,3年有逐步下降的趋势(67%、50%、46%);对于性别方面的医院感染率可以看作无差异;但是有年龄差异,60岁以上患者的感染率(12.5%)高于60岁以下的患者(6.7%)(P05)。医院感染也与患者的平均住院日程呈正相关,且主要以呼吸道感染、泌尿系统感染为主要。结论:心血管病患者发生医院感染的概率极高,主要与年龄、急性心梗、住院时间、心肌病等因素有关系。主要受感染部位是呼吸道,尤其下呼吸道,另外患者入院后前3周内是最容易发生医院感染的,而预防性地使用抗生素对预防医院感染没有明显的意义,所以应该针对性地采取相应的控制措施。
OBJECTIVE: To carry out the necessary analysis of nosocomial infections in patients with cardiovascular diseases, such as the main site of infection or the time of infection, and then to take effective monitoring measures to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections and improve the quality of medical services. Methods: 589 cases of cardiovascular disease discharged from January 2004 to December 2006 were investigated by statistics and then registered and analyzed according to the diagnostic criteria of nosocomial infection. Results: The prevalence of nosocomial infections in patients with cardiovascular disease was 54%, with a gradual decline in three years (67%, 50%, 46%); the prevalence of nosocomial infections in the sexes could be considered as no difference; however, there were age differences (12.5%) were higher in patients over the age of 60 than in patients under 60 (6.7%) (P05). Nosocomial infections are also positively correlated with the average patient’s hospitalization schedule and are mainly respiratory and urinary tract infections. Conclusion: The incidence of nosocomial infections in patients with cardiovascular diseases is extremely high, mainly related to age, acute myocardial infarction, length of hospital stay, cardiomyopathy and other factors. The main affected area is the respiratory tract, especially the lower respiratory tract. In addition, patients are most likely to have nosocomial infections in the first 3 weeks after admission. However, prophylactic use of antibiotics has no obvious significance in preventing nosocomial infections. Therefore, Control measures.