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目的探讨对屋尘螨过敏的支气管哮喘(哮喘)患儿CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T淋巴细胞数量和功能的变化,及调节性T淋巴细胞水平与哮喘严重程度的相关性。方法选择60例对屋尘螨过敏的哮喘患儿,依据临床特征分为轻、中、重3组;同时选择20例健康儿童作为健康对照组。分离所有儿童外周血单个核细胞,予屋尘螨浸出液刺激48 h后,应用流式细胞分析仪检测CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T淋巴细胞和CD4+CD25+Foxp3+IL-10+调节性T淋巴细胞的数量。结果轻度组和中度组哮喘患儿CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T淋巴细胞的数量与健康对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(Pa>0.05),而重度组显著低于健康对照组(P<0.001);哮喘患儿CD4+CD25+Foxp3+IL-10+调节性T淋巴细胞水平与健康对照组比较显著降低(P<0.001),且中度组低于轻度组(P<0.05),而重度组几乎检测不到CD4+CD25+Foxp3+IL-10+调节性T淋巴细胞,其水平显著低于中度组(P<0.01);CD4+CD25+Foxp3+IL-10+T淋巴细胞水平与哮喘患儿疾病严重程度呈负相关(r=-0.637,P<0.05)。结论轻、中度哮喘患儿调节性T淋巴细胞数量无降低,但存在功能障碍,而重度哮喘患儿不仅存在调节性T淋巴细胞功能障碍,而数量降低。CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T淋巴细胞可能在哮喘的发病中发挥着重要作用。
Objective To investigate the changes of the numbers and functions of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T lymphocytes and the relationship between regulatory T lymphocytes and the severity of asthma in asthmatic children with allergic reactions to house dust mites. Methods Sixty asthmatic children with allergy to house dust mite were selected and divided into three groups according to their clinical features: light, moderate and severe. At the same time, 20 healthy children were selected as healthy control group. All children’s peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and stimulated with leaching solution of house dust mite for 48 h. Flow cytometry was used to detect CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T lymphocytes and CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + IL-10 + T The number of lymphocytes. Results The numbers of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T lymphocytes in asthmatic children with mild and moderate asthma were not significantly different from those in healthy controls (P> 0.05), while those in severe group were significantly lower than those in healthy controls P <0.001). The levels of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + IL-10 + regulatory T lymphocytes in children with asthma were significantly lower than those in healthy controls (P <0.001) ), But severe CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + IL-10 + regulatory T lymphocytes were significantly lower than those in the moderate group (P <0.01). CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + IL-10 + T Lymphocyte levels were negatively correlated with the severity of disease in children with asthma (r = -0.637, P <0.05). Conclusion There is no decrease in the number of regulatory T lymphocytes in children with mild or moderate asthma, but there is dysfunction. However, children with severe asthma not only have dysfunction of regulatory T lymphocytes, but their numbers are decreased. CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T lymphocytes may play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma.