目的:探讨不同喂养方式对晚期早产儿体重增长及排便情况的影响。方法:选择晚期早产儿240例,根据婴儿6周龄时的喂养情况,分为母乳喂养组54例、配方奶喂养组96例和混合喂养组90例。出生后6周门诊随访,记录体重增长情况、排便次数、大便性状和颜色及胃肠道反应,比较各组体重增长和排便情况。结果:母乳喂养组、配方奶喂养组和混合喂养组出生后6周体重增长、平均每天体重增长比较,均差异不显著(P>0.05)。母乳喂养组及混合喂养组大便颜色多为黄色,分别占87.0%和92.2%,均非常显著高于配方奶喂养组的60.4%(P<0.01);两组比较,则差异不显著(P>0.05)。配方奶喂养组大便颜色为褐色者占29.2%,非常显著高于母乳喂养组的5.6%和混合喂养组的8.9%(P<0.01)。母乳喂养组大便性状以糊状软便为主,占50.0%,显著高于混合喂养组的35.6%(P<0.05),非常显著高于配方奶喂养组的21.9%(P<0.01)。母乳喂养组溢乳占13.0%,显著低于配方奶喂养组的29.2%(P<0.05);与混合喂养组比较,差异不显著(P>0.05)。母乳喂养组排便次数与配方奶喂养组比较,差异显著(P<0.05);与混合喂养组比较,差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论:3种喂养方式均可满足晚期早产儿体格发育需求,但母乳喂养婴儿在大便颜色和大便性状等方面优于配方奶喂养婴儿,且溢乳少,患儿更易耐受。 Objective: To investigate the effects of different feeding methods on the weight gain and defecation in advanced preterm infants. Methods: Two hundred and forty cases of late preterm infants were selected. According to the feeding status of infants at 6 weeks of age, they were divided into breastfeeding group (54 cases), formula feeding group (96 cases) and mixed feeding group (90 cases). Outpatients were followed up 6 weeks after birth to record weight gain, defecation frequency, stool character, color and gastrointestinal reaction. The body weight gain and defecation of each group were compared. Results: There was no significant difference in body weight gain and average weight gain per day between breastfeeding group, formula feeding group and mixed feeding group at 6 weeks after birth (P> 0.05). The color of stool in breastfeeding group and mixed feeding group were mostly yellow, accounting for 87.0% and 92.2% respectively, which were significantly higher than those in formula feeding group (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). The formula-fed group stained brown for stools accounting for 29.2%, significantly higher than 5.6% for breast-fed and 8.9% for mixed-fed (P <0.01). The stool character of breastfeeding group was dominated by pasty, accounting for 50.0%, which was significantly higher than 35.6% (P <0.05) of mixed feeding group and significantly higher than that of formula feeding group (21.9%, P <0.01). The rate of galactorrhea in breastfeeding group was 13.0%, which was significantly lower than that of formula feeding group (29.2%, P <0.05). The difference was not significant (P> 0.05) compared with mixed feeding group. The frequency of defecation in breastfeeding group was significantly higher than that in formula feeding group (P <0.05), but not significantly different from that in mixed feeding group (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: All three feeding methods can meet the needs of physical development in advanced preterm infants. However, breastfeeding infants are superior to formula-fed infants in stool color and stool performance, and have less galactorrhea and are more tolerable in children.