法官的职责与法律理论法官职责的性质是什么?这可能曾是过去二十年间法律理论中最突出的问题。最近试图对这个问题所作的回答可视为采用了两种根本不同方法中的这一种或另一种方法。根据第一种方法,一名法官的职责与适用无论基于何种渊源的现行规则的责任相吻合,这些规则在相关的法律制度中被公认为法律。在这里,最重要的和最可能的法律渊源通常是立法文件、判例以及习惯(不论是在一般居民之中还是在诸如法官这样一种特殊的集团之中),在法院不受这 What is the nature of the judges’ duties and legal doctrine? Perhaps the most prominent issue in legal theory over the past two decades. The recent attempt to answer this question can be considered as adopting one of the two fundamentally different approaches or another. According to the first approach, the role of a judge coincides with the responsibility to apply the existing rules, regardless of the origin, of the rules that are generally recognized as laws in the relevant legal system. The most important and likely sources of law here are usually legislative documents, jurisprudence, and habits (whether in the general population or in a special group such as a judge), which are not