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目的调查学龄前儿童营养不良状况,分析其影响因素。方法应用整群随机抽取法抽取某地区学龄前儿童541名作为本次研究对象,男287名,女254名,年龄从2岁1个月~6岁10个月,平均年龄4岁7个月,对儿童饮食习惯、家庭人口及文化程度、人均居住面积等项目进行问卷调查,并对所有儿童进行统一身高及体重测量,并对数据进行统计学分析计算。结果本次研究541名儿童中,低体重儿童210名(约占38.81%),生长迟缓儿童102名(约占41.04%),消瘦儿童127名(约占23.48%)。另外检出出体重超重儿童10名(1.85%),轻度单纯性肥胖儿童2名(约占0.4%)。结论儿童营养不良的主要危险因素是儿童膳食结构不合理及摄入不足。另外,对于因先天性原因造成儿童营养不良,应积极预防措施,促进儿童健康成长。
Objective To investigate the malnutrition of preschool children and analyze the influencing factors. Methods A total of 541 preschool children in a certain area were selected as the study object by cluster random sampling method. There were 287 males and 254 females, ranging in age from 2 years old to 6 years and 10 months with an average age of 4 years and 7 months Children’s eating habits, family size, educational level and living area per capita were surveyed. All children were surveyed for height and weight, and the data were statistically analyzed and calculated. Results In the present study, 210 children (accounting for 38.81%) of 541 children with low birth weight, 102 children with delayed growth (41.04%) and 127 wasting children (23.48%) were studied. In addition, 10 overweight children (1.85%) and 2 mild overweight children (about 0.4%) were detected. Conclusions The main risk factors for malnutrition in children are unreasonable diet and inadequate intake of children. In addition, due to congenital causes of child malnutrition, should take active preventive measures to promote the healthy growth of children.