目的通过调查了解本市出生缺陷的现状及原因,并提出合理化的对策,为本市的人口发展及人口素质的提高,也为各级政府制定相关的政策提供理论参考。方法本研究通过随机调查的方法,了解本市辖区、县、乡镇的医院及计生部门所记录的出生缺陷的现状。通过随机调查医院妇产科、计生人员和一些群众,了解人们对出生缺陷发生原因知识的了解及预防措施。结果结果显示,本市的出生缺陷发生率总体较高,其中农村高于城市,婚检率低的高于婚检率高的。原因虽可概括为遗传和环境因素以及二者的相互作用,但与宣传、婚检及文化知识等多方面的因素均有关。建议为降低本市的出生缺陷,建议有关部门要继续利用各种途径加强优生优育的宣传,采取切实有效的方法加强婚检、剖腹产等的管理。 Objective To investigate the status quo and causes of birth defects in this Municipality and to put forward rationalized measures to provide a theoretical reference for the development of population and population quality of the Municipality as well as for the formulation of relevant policies by all levels of government. Methods In this study, by means of a random survey, we learned about the status of birth defects recorded by hospitals and family planning departments in districts, counties and towns in our municipality. Through random survey of hospital obstetrics and gynecology, family planning staff and some people to understand people’s knowledge about the causes of birth defects and preventive measures. The results showed that the incidence of birth defects in the city is generally higher, of which rural areas are higher than the city, the rate of premarital examination is higher than the rate of premarital examination. Although the reasons can be summarized as genetic and environmental factors as well as the interaction between the two, they are related to various factors such as publicity, premarital examination and cultural knowledge. Suggestions to reduce birth defects in the city, it is recommended that relevant departments should continue to use various ways to strengthen the publicity of prenatal and postnatal care, take effective measures to strengthen the premarital examination, caesarean section management.