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目的探讨会阴侧切分娩产妇感染的危险因素,为会阴侧切分娩产妇感染的干预措施和治疗提供理论依据。方法选择2014年1月-2016年1月在医院行会阴侧切分娩的产妇321例作为研究对象,统计其感染病原菌种类及构成,分析产妇发生感染的单因素及多因素,应用SPSS18.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果 321例行会阴侧切分娩的产妇中16例发生感染,感染率4.99%;感染产妇中分离出病原菌18株,主要为革兰阳性菌、革兰阴性菌和真菌3大类,其构成比分别为33.34%、61.10%和5.56%;产妇发生感染的单因素主要有年龄、体质指数、糖尿病、生殖器官感染、分娩气候、胎膜早破、产检次数、第二产程时间、手术切口长度和助产士工龄等,组间数据比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);BMI≥30、有糖尿病、有生殖器官感染、分娩气候、胎膜早破、超过4次产检、第二产程超2h和助产士工龄<11年等是产妇发生感染的危险因素。结论分娩产妇会阴侧切术后,易发生病原菌感染,其引发病原菌感染的危险因素复杂,病原菌感染对产妇有着严重的生活质量和生命的威胁,高效合理的预防措施是产妇的保障,能有效降低产妇的感染率。
Objective To explore the risk factors of maternal episiotomy for episiotomy and to provide theoretical basis for intervention and treatment of episiotomy maternal infection during episiotomy. Methods A total of 321 maternal women who underwent vaginal delivery from January 2014 to January 2016 in our hospital were selected as the research objects. The types and constitution of the pathogens were analyzed. The single and multiple factors of maternal infection were analyzed. SPSS18.0 software was used Data for statistical analysis. Results Among the 321 cases, 16 cases were infected by perineal episiotomy and the infection rate was 4.99%. 18 pathogens were isolated from infected women, including Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The proportions were 33.34%, 61.10% and 5.56%. The single factors of maternal infection were age, body mass index, diabetes, genital infection, childbirth climate, premature rupture of membranes, number of births, length of second stage of labor, length of incision and midwife (P <0.05); BMI≥30, with diabetes, genital infection, childbirth, premature rupture of membranes, more than 4 times of childbirth, the second stage of labor over 2h and midwives Length of service <11 years is a risk factor for maternal infection. Conclusion The maternal vaginal episiotomy is prone to pathogen infection. The risk factors causing the pathogen infection are complex. The pathogen infection has a serious quality of life and threat to the life of the woman. Effective and reasonable preventive measures are the protection of the mother and the maternal The infection rate.