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一、引言 地壳和上地幔顶部的构造,对研究地震发生、发展及演变过程的深部背景,以及划分地震活动块体和探讨地震成因有着重要的意义。然而地壳构造的研究,又是与地震学的发展密切相关。1909年,莫霍洛维奇在近震研究中,首先发现了地壳与上地幔分界面的首波,其覆盖层的平均速度=6.3公里/秒,界面速度V_d=8.0公里/秒(简称M界面)。后于1923年,康拉德(conrad)也是根据天然地震资料鉴别出一个平均速度为=5.4
I. INTRODUCTION The structure of the crust and the top of the upper mantle is of great significance for studying the deep background of the occurrence, development and evolution of earthquakes, as well as for the division of seismic activity blocks and the discussion of the causes of earthquakes. However, the study of crustal structure is closely related to the development of seismology. In 1909, in the study of near-earthquakes, Mohovich first discovered the first wave of the interface between the crust and the upper mantle. The average velocity of the overburden was 6.3 km / s and the velocity of interface V_d was 8.0 km / interface). Later in 1923, Conrad also identified an average velocity of 5.4 on the basis of natural seismic data