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在异国生活,注意体察该国国民的文化观念是一件十分有趣的事情。1994年我得到了一个去日本一所大学研修的机会,自觉十分幸运。赴日之前,我除了自己从书本上了解日本的文化之外,还十分注意了解朋友们心目中的日本。我的这些朋友们,也都是从书本中知道日本的,但都自以为对日本并不陌生。在朋友中间,我听到了对日本的两种议论。一是认为日本乃中国近邻。地域上,中日两国,一衣带水,同处东亚。文化上,中国的汉字,儒学对日本影响深远。因此,中日两国在生活方式,文化观念方面多相似之处。也有的朋友对此种看法不以为然。他们认为,日本自明治维新以来,即认为中国文化落后,不屑与亚洲国家为伍,力求使自己“脱亚入欧”。在某种意义上可以说,
In a foreign country, it is a very interesting thing to be aware of the cultural values of the people in that country. In 1994 I got a chance to study at a Japanese university and I was very fortunate. Before going to Japan, apart from my own understanding of Japanese culture through books, I also paid great attention to understanding Japan as my friends. All of my friends, who also knew Japan from books, thought they were no strangers to Japan. Among friends, I heard two kinds of arguments against Japan. First, that Japan is China’s neighbors. Geographically, China and Japan, a strip of water, with East Asia. Culturally, Chinese characters and Confucianism have a profound impact on Japan. Therefore, China and Japan share similarities in terms of lifestyle and cultural values. Some friends disagree with this view. They think that since the Meiji Restoration, Japan has considered China’s backward culture and disdain with its Asian countries and sought to make itself “free from Asia into Europe.” In a sense,