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目的了解流动人口传染病防治健康素养现状及其影响因素,为制定流动人口传染病防治策略和措施提供依据。方法 2014年9月~2015年1月在湖北省宜昌市和荆门市,采取单纯随机抽样方法,抽取大中型宾馆和建筑工地员工各1 000人作为研究对象,采用课题组编制的《公众传染病防治素养水平测试问卷》进行问卷调查,内容包括传染病防治的意识和观念、知识、技能、行为、获取理解传染病防治相关信息的能力等5个方面。结果本研究共调查2 000份,其中有效问卷1 984份。湖北省部分地区从事建筑业和宾馆服务业流动人口传染病防治素养水平为22.68%;年龄、文化程度、职业类别、家庭收入、上网情况及健康知识主要获取渠道是流动人口传染病防治素养的影响因素;随文化程度的升高,传染病防治素养水平增高,OR值为1.65(95%CI:1.42~1.93);相对于大中型宾馆服务人员,建筑工人的传染病防治素养OR值为0.36(95%CI:0.28~0.46);家庭人均收入每增加一个水平,传染病防治素养水平提高,OR值为1.25(95%CI:1.10~1.41);上网时长1~2h是传染病防治素养的保护因素,OR值为1.58(95%CI:1.20~2.09)。结论流动人口传染病防治素养水平较低,应以文化程度低、收入低等人群为重点,充分利用互联网等新媒体技术,加大流动人口传染病防治知识的宣传教育。
Objective To understand the status quo of health literacy in infectious diseases prevention and control and its influencing factors in floating population and provide evidence for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in floating population. Methods From September 2014 to January 2015, a random sampling method was adopted in Yichang City and Jingmen City, Hubei Province. A total of 1 000 workers from large and medium-sized hotels and construction sites were selected as research objects. The public infectious diseases Prevention and control of literacy level test questionnaire "questionnaire survey, including the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases awareness and concepts, knowledge, skills, behavior, access to understand the infectious disease prevention and control of information and other capabilities in five aspects. Results A total of 2 000 copies were investigated in this study, including 1 984 valid questionnaires. The level of infectious disease prevention and treatment in floating population in construction industry and hotel service industry was 22.68% in some areas of Hubei Province. The main access channels of age, education level, occupation type, family income, internet access and health knowledge were affected by infectious disease prevention and literacy among floating population The OR value was 1.65 (95% CI: 1.42-1.93); with respect to the service personnel in medium and large hotels, the OR of prevention and treatment of construction workers was 0.36 95% CI: 0.28-0.46); for each additional increase in per capita income, the level of prevention and treatment of infectious diseases increased, with an OR of 1.25 (95% CI: 1.10-1.41); the duration of 1 to 2 hours on the Internet was the protection of infectious disease prevention and treatment Factors, OR value of 1.58 (95% CI: 1.20 ~ 2.09). Conclusion The infectious disease prevention and treatment of floating population is low in literacy and education level. Low-educated and low-income people should be the key points. New media technologies such as the Internet should be fully utilized to increase publicity and education on the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases among floating population.