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目的对1998年1月至2003年12月潮汕地区病毒性脑膜炎(包括脑膜脑炎,不包括乙型脑炎)患者的病毒病原分布情况进行调查。方法用Hep-2细胞做病毒培养,微量塑料板法做血清中和抗体检测。结果从512例患者的583份脑脊髓液、血液、咽拭子和粪便标本中分离出病毒共116株(4种16个型),病毒分离检出率为19.9%;从患者50例双份血清检出病毒抗体阳性24例(其中4例为自身分离到病毒者),阳性率为48.0%。以上512例患者病毒分离阳性和/或血清学阳性共136例,总感染率为26.6%。患者感染的病毒型别分布及构成比分别为:柯萨奇病毒(Cox)89例(0.6544),其中A24型17例,B1型31例,B5型39例和B4、B6型各1例;埃可病毒(ECHO)18例(0.1324),其中7型、15型各5例,14型2例、24型4例,3型、6型各1例:肠道病毒(EV)23例(0.1691),其中70型17例,71型6例:腺病毒(AdV)6例(0.0441),其中2型1例,3型2例和7型3例。不同年龄组患者病毒感染率:儿童组27.9%,成人组25.8%。两组感染率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.249,P>0.05)。结论潮汕地区病毒性脑膜炎患者的肠道病毒感染,其中以Cox的感染最高,值得引起疾病预防部门、临床医生及科研单位的重视。
Objective To investigate the distribution of viral pathogens in patients with viral meningitis (including meningoencephalitis, excluding Japanese encephalitis) from January 1998 to December 2003 in Chaoshan area. Methods The Hep-2 cells were used for virus culture, and the detection of serum neutralizing antibody was done by using the plastic plate method. Results A total of 116 viruses (4 types and 16 types) were isolated from 583 cerebrospinal fluid, blood, throat swabs and stool samples from 512 patients. The virus isolation rate was 19.9% Serum antibody positive 24 cases were detected (of which 4 cases were isolated from their own virus), the positive rate was 48.0%. The above 512 patients were positive for virus isolation and / or seropositivity for a total of 136 cases, the total infection rate was 26.6%. There were 89 cases (Cox) of Cox (17 cases), 17 cases of A24, 31 cases of type B1, 39 cases of type B5 and 1 case of type B4 and type B6, respectively. There were 18 cases of ECHO (0.1324), including 5 cases of type 7 and 15, 2 cases of type 14, 4 cases of type 24 and 1 case of type 3 and 6 respectively: 23 cases of enterovirus (EV) 0.1691). There were 17 cases in type 70 and 6 cases in type 71: 6 cases (0.0441) of adenovirus (AdV), including 1 case of type 2, 2 cases of type 3 and 3 cases of type 7. Virus infection rates among different age groups were 27.9% in children and 25.8% in adults. There was no significant difference in infection rate between the two groups (χ2 = 0.249, P> 0.05). Conclusions Enterovirus infection in patients with viral meningitis in Chaoshan area, of which Cox infection is the highest, is worth the attention of disease prevention departments, clinicians and research institutes.