论文部分内容阅读
目的探讨与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)相关的饮食和生活方式。方法采用1∶2病例-对照研究,选取450例孕妇作为研究对象,包括150例确诊为GDM的孕妇和300例正常孕妇,用问卷调查其一般情况、妊娠情况及饮食生活情况等,并进行t检验和条件Logistic回归分析。结果两组妇女平均每日总能量、蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物的摄入量差异均有统计学意义(P≤0.01)。经单因素条件Logistic回归分析共有23个变量与GDM的发生有关,最终进入多因素Logistic回归模型的有7个变量,其中危险因素6个,包括血压高(OR=28.50)、不良孕产史(OR=3.10)、孕前肥胖(OR=2.80)、过量摄入水果(OR=2.40)、糖尿病家族史(OR=1.86)及喜欢吃甜食(OR=1.68);1个保护因素为进食白肉频率较高(OR=0.62)。结论多种饮食生活方式不合理与GDM发病有关;对孕妇应积极开展营养教育,合理选择食物,调整饮食结构,以减少GDM的发病率。
Objective To investigate the diet and lifestyle related to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A 1: 2 case-control study was conducted in which 450 pregnant women were selected as study subjects, including 150 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM and 300 normal pregnant women. The general situation, pregnancy status and dietary life were surveyed by questionnaire and t Test and conditional logistic regression analysis. Results The average total daily energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate intake of the two groups of women were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.01). There were 7 variables in the multivariate Logistic regression model, of which 6 were risk factors, including high blood pressure (OR = 28.50), history of poor motherhood OR = 3.10), pre-pregnancy obesity (OR = 2.80), excessive intake of fruits (OR = 2.40), family history of diabetes (OR = 1.86) and like eating sweets High (OR = 0.62). Conclusion A variety of dietary patterns of life are unreasonable with the pathogenesis of GDM; pregnant women should actively carry out nutrition education, a reasonable choice of food, adjust diet to reduce the incidence of GDM.