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母乳喂养是预防儿童肥胖的保护因素,经过母乳喂养的婴儿在儿童期较少发生肥胖或超重;母乳喂养的持续时间与儿童肥胖或超重的发病率存在一定的负相关。母乳喂养预防肥胖的机制包括:①母乳中的特殊成分如瘦素、多不饱和脂肪酸以及婴儿体内的胰岛素对婴儿的营养代谢起“营养程序化”和“代谢印记”作用;②母乳喂养行为使所涉及的乳母和婴儿双方共同建立起良好的能量摄入调节机制,对婴儿今后能量摄入起调控作用。
Breastfeeding is a protective factor against childhood obesity. Infant breastfeeding is less obese or overweight during childhood; there is a negative correlation between the duration of breastfeeding and the prevalence of childhood obesity or overweight. Mechanisms of breastfeeding to prevent obesity include: ① The special ingredients in breast milk such as leptin, polyunsaturated fatty acids and infants’ insulin play an important role in nutritional metabolism of infants as “nutritional program” and “metabolic imprint”; Breastfeeding allows both maternal and infants involved to establish a good energy intake regulation mechanism that regulates the infant’s future energy intake.