论文部分内容阅读
墨西哥村社是一种独特的土地占有制度,它最早起源于古代阿兹特克人的“卡尔普伊”制度。但长期的殖民统治和土地侵吞.使它几乎退出了历史舞台。20世纪初期的墨西哥革命和随后的土地改革,使村社制度得以重建,并在相当长一段时间里成为墨西哥农业发展的支柱。20世纪90年代后,随着土地制度的私有化,墨西哥村社又一次面临退出历史舞台的命运。尽管村社作为一种传统的土地制度,有其固然的缺陷,但它在墨西哥农业发展进程中确曾发挥了重要作用。本文试对墨西哥村社土地制度的历史发展及其在墨西哥经济发展中的作用进行评析,旨在对这一独特的土地制度进行客观的评价,给它以应有的历史地位。
Mexico’s village community is a unique system of land ownership, which originated in the ancient Aztecs “Carpuei” system. However, long-standing colonial rule and embezzlement caused it to almost withdraw from the stage of history. The Mexican revolution and subsequent land reform in the early 20th century restored the village community and made it a pillar of agricultural development in Mexico for a considerable period of time. After the 1990s, with the privatization of the land system, Mexican village communities once again faced the fate of withdrawing from the stage of history. Despite its inherent shortcomings as a traditional land system, the village community has indeed played an important role in Mexico’s agricultural development. This paper tries to appraise the historical development of the Mexican village land system and its role in Mexico’s economic development in order to objectively evaluate this unique land system and give it its due historical status.