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The introduction of N-heterocyclic carbenes(NHCs)as ligands for transition metals has generated many breakthroughs in catalysis.This is mostly the result of their strong σ-donor properties,which are due to the lower electronegativity of carbon compared to group 15 and 16 elements.Cyclic(amino)(aryl)carbenes(CAArCs)result from the replacement of the alkyl substituent of cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbenes(CAACs)by an aryl group.