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Objective: To compare the therapeutic effects ofradiofrequency ablation (RFA) and combined RFA and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (RFA + TACE) with those of surgical hepatic resection (HR) in the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by analyzing the overall survival rates,disease-free survival rates, and major complications.Methods: Controlled trials between RFA/RFA + TACE and HR for the treatment of small HCC published between 1991 and2010 were electronically searched.The criteria recommended by the Cochrane Handbook 4.2.2 for Systematic Reviews of Interventions were used to select the trials and assess the quality of included studies.RevMan 5.0.25 software was used in the systematic review and meta-analysis.