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This study used an advanced driving simulator to examine the capabilities of ESS (Emergency Stop Signals) systems on enhancing drivers reaction to the emergency stop of a preceding vehicle.Comprehensive following scenario was reconstructed on a driving simulator.Subjectsbrake reaction times to the imminent dangers indicated by different brake systems were examined in various following velocities,time headways,and decelerations of preceding vehicle.Results showed that time headway was the most influential factor on drivers brake reaction times,and subjects responded faster to flashing emergency stop signals than the conventional brake signal when the following time headway was no shorter than 2.0 sec.These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of emergency stop signals in redirecting drivers attention,and may lead to further analysis on application of this technology in ‘real world braking situations.