Recently, Calmodulin (CALM1) gene was revealed to contain several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that showed consistent association with hip osteoarthritis (OA) in Japanese cohorts (P=0.0071).However, subsequent studies failed to confirm this result in several different populations.To deal with the issues raised by inconsistent results among those studies, we investigated the association between CALM 1 and OA using meta-analytic techniques, combining all published data up to June 2015.Four independent samples from four teams contributed data for a possible association between SNP rs12885713 and knee or hip OA.The total number of cases and controls of this SNP was 1,591 versus 1,523 for OA.A significant association was observed in the Asian population (P=0.02).Together with the reported functional studies, our results indicate that CALM1 may have a small but strong effect on the susceptibility to OA, at least in Asian population.Further functional studies are needed to determine the underlying variation of CALM1 and to relate this to the pathophysiology of OA.