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目的探讨丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）对单个核细胞感染在ＨＣＶ感染慢性化中的作用。方法通过对ＨＣＶ高度变异区（ＨＶＲ）基因的体外扩增后产物的直接测序，比较慢性丙型肝炎和接受肝移植的肝硬化患者血清、外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）、肝脏相关的单个核细胞（ＬＡＭＣ）和肝脏中ＨＣＶ准种（ｑｕａｓｉｓｐｅｃｉｅｓ）的分布。结果（１）３例肝移植和５例慢性肝炎患者ＰＢＭＣ中的主要ＨＣＶ准种不同于肝脏中的ＨＣＶ；（２）３例患者的ＰＢＭＣ和ＬＡＭＣ中ＨＶＲ有不同的基因替代；（３）ＨＶＲ基因的核苷酸突变主要位于Ｅ２基因的前５０个氨基酸内。结论（１）单个核细胞中的ＨＣＶＲＮＡ是由于ＨＣＶ的感染所致；（２）ＨＣＶ准种在肝细胞和单个核细胞中的分隔性分布可能与ＨＣＶ感染的慢性化密切相关。
Objective To investigate the role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the infection of mononuclear cells in chronic HCV infection. Methods Direct sequencing of the amplified products of HCV highly variable region (HVR) gene in vitro was used to compare serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), liver-related single nuclei in patients with chronic hepatitis C and liver cirrhosis, (LAMC) and quasispecies in the liver. Results (1) The major HCV quasispecies in PBMC of 3 patients with liver transplantation and 5 patients with chronic hepatitis were different from HCV in the liver. (2) The HVR of PBMC and LAMC were different in 3 patients. (3) The HVR Nucleotide mutations in the gene are mainly located within the first 50 amino acids of the E2 gene. Conclusions (1) HCV RNA in mononuclear cells is caused by HCV infection. (2) The distribution of HCV quasispecies in hepatocytes and mononuclear cells may be closely related to the chronicity of HCV infection.