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HIV-1 long terminal repeats(LTR)plays an essential role in driving HIV transcription.The manipulation of HIV-1 LTRs provides the potential therapeutic strategy for excising integrated HIV-1 provirus or suppressing viral gene expression.HIV-1 LTRs,particularly the nucleotides for transcription factors binding,remains obvious variations between different viral subtypes,and the minor variance may influence the transcription-driving activity.