for WCP 2008, Beijing Social and economic privation and the large and small indignities of imperialism in nineteenth and twentieth century China and the Sino-Japanese War and occupation, 1937-1945, have demonstrably left lasting scars on the Chinese collective consciousness. The trauma is known, not by personal experience, but as communicated by the intense feeling states and painful helpless anxiety, of family memory, oral tradition, and national history, which Chinese national policy defends against and is determined to avoid re-living. That stalwart effort is emotional confirmation of the strength and persistence of trauma across generations. There is a special imperative that no foreign incursion ever impinge on China again: Stay away from our borders, out of our territory, our air space, and our rights. We insist on our status, parity, and will proudly defend the sovereignty of our territory and China’s dignity as a great power in the world.