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In Vietnam,a policy of forestland allocation(FLA)was implemented in 1994 and has affected different stakeholders,includinghouseholds.Previous government reports and case studies have shown controversial results about the policys outcomes.Unlik these and other mostly previously qualitative case studies,we use an advanced econometric model to address smallholders responses to go vernmental policy by defining the determinant factors influencing afforestation adoption behavior defined as propensity and intensity.The data were collected from a 254 household survey in three districts of Lam Dong province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam.Results show that education,number of workers in the public sector,off-farm labour,immigrants,income,off-farm income,agricultural land,livestock,greyish soil type,forestry road,governmental support,loan and market price change perception significantly and influence propensity,or the decision to afforest.Other factors,such as the FLA area,house size,distance to plot and policy risk and uncertainty influence the intensity of afforestation.Policy implication is also discussed and recommended.