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Biofouling is a major problem for the application of membrane technology in water and wastewater treatment.Advanced anti-biofouling membrane material is one of the practical strategies to reduce biofouling.The nanocomposite Polyethersulfone [1] membranes were modified with different amounts of biogenic silver nanoparticles (bio-Ago) by the phase mversion method.The effects of bio-Ago content on the membrane structure and filtration performance were systematically investigated.The results demonstrated that silver-containing nanostructures were uniformly distributed on membrane surface.Bio-Ago incorporation slightly increased the hydrophilicity of the PES membrane and increased the permeate flux.The anti-bacterial and anti-biofouling performance of the bio-Ag0/PES nanocomposites membrane were tested with pure cultures (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and a mixed culture (an activated sludge bioreactor) respectively.The bio-Ag0/PES composite membranes,even with the lowest content of biogenic silver (140 mg bio-Ago m-2),not only exhibited excellent anti-bacterial activity,but also prevented bacterial attachment to the membrane surface and decreased the biofilm formation during a 9 weeks test.