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对不同含水率的白肋烟烟叶进行高温贮藏试验,并分别向高含水率和低含水率烟叶添加硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐后高温贮藏,测定贮藏前后烟叶的TSNA含量。结果表明:1)经45℃高温贮藏15 d后,含水率越高的烟叶,TSNA含量越低,含水率超过17.5%后趋于稳定。2)细化梯度试验中,低含水率烟叶经45℃高温贮藏15 d后,随着烟叶含水率从7.7%增加到15.3%,四种TSNA含量和TSNA总量逐渐降低,烟叶含水率高于15.3%后,TSNA总量趋于稳定。3)添加亚硝酸盐再经60℃高温贮藏15 d的高含水率烟叶和低含水率烟叶TSNA含量均大幅度增加,而添加硝酸盐的高含水率烟叶处理TSNA含量增幅较小,低含水率烟叶处理TSNA含量增幅很大,所以低含水率烟叶硝态氮比高含水率烟叶硝态氮更易生成亚硝酸等氮氧化物是造成高温贮藏过程中TSNAs大量形成的主要原因。研究认为,在保证烟叶不霉变的前提下适当增加贮藏湿度有利于减少贮藏过程TSNAs的形成。
The burley tobacco leaves with different moisture contents were stored at high temperature. Nitrate and nitrite were added to the tobacco leaves with high and low water content, respectively. The TSNA contents of the tobacco leaves before and after storage were measured. The results showed that: 1) After the tobacco leaves were stored at 45 ℃ for 15 days, the higher the moisture content, the lower the content of TSNA and the more stable the moisture content was over 17.5%. 2) In the thinning gradient test, the TSNA content and total TSNA content of four low-moisture-content tobacco leaves were gradually decreased with the moisture content of tobacco leaf increased from 7.7% to 15.3% after being stored at 45 ℃ for 15 days. After 15.3%, the total amount of TSNA tended to stabilize. (3) The content of TSNA in high-moisture tobacco leaves and low moisture tobacco leaves after adding nitrite and stored at 60 ℃ for 15 days increased significantly, while the TSNA content in tobacco leaves with high water content added with nitrate increased little, while low moisture content The content of TSNA in tobacco leaves increased greatly. Therefore, the nitrate nitrogen in low water content tobacco leaves was more likely to form nitrous oxide such as nitrous acid than the nitrate nitrogen in high water content tobacco leaves, which was the main reason for the formation of TSNAs in high temperature storage. It is concluded that increasing the storage humidity under the premise of not mildewed tobacco leaves is conducive to reducing the formation of TSNAs during storage.