对7种影响力高且稳定的医学期刊各选2008年年中一期,对其中94篇长篇论著参考文献中的期刊文献进行查阅分析。在1140条中、英文期刊文献中共查阅全文965条,引用不合理(包括无关引用、多引、漏引、错引)的文献158条,占16.37%;中文文献引用不合理率较英文文献低(11.02%与18.11%)。文献引用共有1354处,引用不合理的有176处,占13.00%;中文文献引用不合理率低于英文文献(9.39%与14.16%)。在不合理引用中,均以错引最常见,其次在中文为多引和漏引,在英文为多引和无关引用。在错引中以数据和观点出错较多。在分析文献引用正误的相关因素时,发现随引用次数增加会增加不合理引用的风险。最后结合自身经验,从作者与编辑角度提出了一些提高文献引用正确率的措施和建议。 Of the seven influential and stable medical journals selected in mid-2008, the periodicals in 94 long-journals references were analyzed. Among the 1140 articles, there were 158 articles referring to unreasonable (including unrelated quotations, multiple quotations, missed quotations and wrong quotations), accounting for 16.37% of all the articles in English periodicals. The unreasonable rate of Chinese references was lower than that of English ones (11.02% and 18.11%). A total of 1354 citations were cited, 176 unreasonably cited, accounting for 13.00%. The unreasonable rate of Chinese citations was lower than that of English citations (9.39% and 14.16%). In unreasonable references, the most common mistakes are cited, followed by multiple quotations and missing references in Chinese, and multiple quotations and unrelated references in English. Misdirect in the data and point of view more mistakes. When analyzing the corollary factors cited in the literature, we found that increasing the number of citations increases the risk of unreasonable citations. Finally, based on my own experience, some suggestions and measures are put forward to improve the accuracy of the cited documents from the perspectives of authors and editors.