The Characteristics of Labor Supply in Industrial Estates in Thailand:From Aspects of Thai Job Seeke

来源 :第4届中日韩地理学家学术研讨会暨第12次全国青年地理工作者学术研讨会 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:tianwang782
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  Thai economy has been developing rapidly since 1980s,especially after the adoption of Plaza Accord on currency exchange rates.This growth is mainly due to industrialization by Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) from the developed countries.Foreign companies place their factories in Industrial Estates (IE) because it reduces the risks associated with weak infrastructures such as water supply and electrical power supply which often pound in other parts of Thai cities.Most of IEs are located around the Bangkok Extended Metropolitan Region (EMR) as Jones et al.(1999) pointed out.As a result,foreign factories are concentrated which create a lot of employment opportunities in manufacturing.The growth of employment opportunities around Bangkok EMR might have make changes on inter-regional migration flows.The migrations from rural areas to Bangkok are spread toward the fringe of the Bangkok EMR for job seekers to find their jobs.The aim of this paper is to clarify how wide industrial estates with a lot of employment opportunities pull job seekers.I focus to find whether job seekers came from Bangkok EMR or from rural regions.In addition,I set three field areas as shown below as I intended to analyze differences of characteristics by distance from Bangkok: Amata Nakorn IE in Chon Buri Prefecture,Rojana Ayutthaya IE in Ayutthaya Prefecture and Northern Region IE in Lamphun Prefecture.I conducted questionnaire and interview surveys for approximately 150 Thai job seekers,asking about their job histories in three areas.The common characteristics found in the survey in each IE are that job seekers moved after they had obtained information about jobs in IE where they wanted to go.They used social networks such as kinship or friendship to collect job information and to receive assistance for moving.However,differences among IEs also exist.In Amata Nakorn IE,job seekers came not only from surrounding areas but also from Northeast region.Before they moved,they gathered information such as jobs,allowances,and commuter buses.But in Rojana Ayutthaya IE and Northern Region IE,most of the job seekers came from the vicinities of IEs,and they hadn’t worked in the Bangkok EMR.Further,most of them shared information about wage levels only when they would work there.These differences are influenced by both the distance of the movement and the strength of social networks between the job seekers and the kin/friends.
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