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Rhizoma paridis is widely used for cancer therapy because of its potential involvement in the suppression of tumor growth.However, at present there is no clearly explanation for the mechanism of Rhizoma paridis whih hyperthermia on the inhibitory effect of tumor growth.The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of Paris Saponin I(PSI) combined with hyperthennia on a panel of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) cell lines.MTT assay was used to determine the growth inhibition.Cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry and cell apoptosis was analyzed with Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining and Hoechst assay respectively.morphology of cell apoptosis was determined by transmission electron microscope.The expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax and caspase-3 proteins were detected by western blotting.The inhibition rates significantly increased by PSI with hyperthermia at 43℃.PSI with hyperthermia at 43℃ could induce G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis significantly.The expression level of Bcl-2 decreased,while the Bax increased after PSI with hyperthermia at 43℃.Moreover, the expression level of Caspase-3 protein was significantly enhanced.PSI combined with hyperthermia is a potent antitumor treatment by inhibiting proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells and should be developed as a new antitumor therapy.PSI combined with hyperthermia induced apoptosis greatly which was a multiple regulation through G2/M arrest and regulation of Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3 expression,finally leading to cell death and tumor inhibition.