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第三人效果是传播学间接效果研究的经典假说,内核是个体处理与想象中的他者媒介化的关系。国内对此关注日渐式微,缺乏对理论脉络的系统梳理。2003年后,“假定影响模型”(IPI模型)因其适应情境的广泛性逐步取代第三人效果研究框架。本文梳理第三人效果研究的经典进路,从研究层面、重要推论和量化操作方法三大方面进行总结,介绍热点议题:行为层面、专家视角、新媒体语境。针对其始终未能跳脱“线性传播模型”的弊端,提出未来研究应从四个方面进行思考:“效果”或“影响”的层次、研究方法和取向、研究范围、理论框架。
The third person effect is the classical hypothesis of the indirect effect study of communication. The kernel is the relationship between individual processing and imagination of others. Attention in China is diminishing, and there is no systematic review of the theoretical context. After 2003, the hypothetical impact model (IPI model) gradually replaced the third-person impact research framework due to the wide range of adaptation scenarios. This paper reviews the classical approach of third-person effect research, summarizes three aspects of research, important reasoning and quantitative operation methods, and introduces hot topics: behavioral level, expert perspective and new media context. In order to solve the shortcoming of “Linear Propagation Model”, this paper puts forward that future research should think from four aspects: the level of “effect” or “influence”, research methods and orientation, scope of study, theory frame.