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艺术史家和人类学家的目的,都是从艺术品的创作者和使用者的视角对作品进行研究,并且基于功能、意义和审美三个方面进行分析。人类学家的经验和调查结果告诉我们,首先,西方的审美范畴通常不适用于非西方艺术。其次,许多作品的语义和审美的属性在很大程度上依赖于它们所使用的材料的属性,而且据观察,未处理过的材料本身可能有重要的象征意义和美学价值。第三,一件艺术品不可能脱离它的环境而去研究它。在某些情况下,一件艺术品的周围环境与作品本身同样重要,并且促成了作品的意义。
The purpose of art historians and anthropologists is to study works from the perspective of the creators and users of the artwork, and to analyze them from three aspects: function, meaning and aesthetic. The experience and findings of anthropologists tell us that, above all, western aesthetic categories do not usually apply to non-Western art. Second, the semantic and aesthetic attributes of many works depend heavily on the attributes of the materials they use, and it has been observed that untreated materials themselves may have important symbolic and aesthetic values. Third, it is impossible for a work of art to study it out of its environment. In some cases, the surroundings of an artwork are as important as the artwork itself, and contribute to the meaning of the artwork.