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目的探讨血管成形和支架置入术治疗脑动脉狭窄的正确护理的作用。方法 30例接受血管成形和支架置入术的脑动脉狭窄患者,均给予相应的术前、术中、术后护理,观察患者的认知能力及术后随访情况。结果术后患者各项认知功能评分均高于术前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本次置入支架35枚,手术成功率为100%,颅内血管造影显示脑实质血流灌注改善明显。术后随访结果显示,1例患者出现短暂性脑缺血发作,数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查显示患者均为支架内再狭窄50%,1例患者出现脑梗死,DSA检查显示为支架内远端血管闭塞,调查结果表明为患者自行停用抗血小板药物所致。其他患者均未出现典型的脑卒中症状。结论血管成形和支架置入术治疗脑动脉狭窄手术成功率高,能明显改善患者的认知功能,并且完善的术前准备和正确有效的护理配合是治疗成功的关键。
Objective To investigate the role of angioplasty and stenting in the treatment of cerebral stenosis. Methods Thirty patients with cerebral arterial stenosis undergoing angioplasty and stent implantation were given preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative care, and their cognitive abilities and postoperative follow-up were observed. Results All patients had higher scores of cognitive function than those before operation, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The stent placement 35, the success rate was 100%, intracranial angiography showed significant improvement of cerebral parenchymal perfusion. Postoperative follow-up results showed a transient ischemic attack in one patient and 50% of patients with stent restenosis underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA). One patient developed cerebral infarction and DSA showed a stent-graft Distal vascular occlusion, the survey showed that patients with their own anti-platelet drugs due to disable. None of the other patients experienced typical stroke symptoms. Conclusion The success rate of angioplasty and stent implantation in the treatment of cerebral arterial stenosis is high, which can significantly improve the cognitive function of patients. And the perfect preoperative preparation and correct and effective nursing cooperation are the keys to successful treatment.