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为了实现近地面、多波长气溶胶时空探测,克服激光波长可选择性不足的问题,利用LED丰富的光谱特性,设计了一种新型发光二极管(LED)光源雷达。LED能量小且发散角大,其出光能量、发散角、接收视场角和几何重叠因子都会对LED光源雷达探测距离产生影响。针对共轴LED光源雷达系统的特点,分析了几何重叠因子的特征和计算方法,详细讨论了光源发散角和接收视场角对几何重叠因子的影响。结合LED光源的特点,利用美国标准大气模型对雷达系统的探测能力进行了仿真,优化了光源发散角和接收视场角,在LED能量一定的情况下获得了最大的探测距离。搭建了LED光源雷达系统并完成了初步实验观测,结果表明该雷达夜晚能够接收到240m远处的大气回波,验证了雷达探测低层大气气溶胶的能力。
In order to realize space-time detection of near-surface and multi-wavelength aerosols and overcome the problem of insufficient laser wavelength selectivity, a novel light-emitting diode (LED) light source radar is designed using the abundant spectral characteristics of LEDs. LED small energy and divergence angle, the light energy, divergence angle, receive angle of view and geometry overlap factor will have an impact on the LED light source radar detection range. According to the characteristics of co-axial LED light source radar system, the characteristics and calculation methods of geometric overlap factor are analyzed. The influences of light divergence angle and receiving angle on geometry overlap factor are discussed in detail. Combined with the characteristics of LED light source, the detection capability of radar system was simulated by the American standard atmospheric model, the divergence angle of light source and the receiving angle of view were optimized, and the maximum detection distance was obtained under certain LED energy. The LED light source radar system was built and the preliminary experimental observations were completed. The results show that the radar can receive the atmospheric echo at a distance of 240m at night, which verifies the radar’s ability to detect atmospheric aerosols.