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他汀类药物(Statins)作为羟甲基戊二酸单酰辅酶A(HMG-CoA)还原酶抑制剂,已普遍用于临床治疗高脂血症。HMG-CoA还原酶是细胞内甲羟戊酸合成途径的限速酶,他汀类药物通过抑制其作用,减少甲羟戊酸(MVA)合成及其下游产物,从而影响细胞许多重要的生理学功能:细胞膜构成、糖蛋白合成、细胞内信号转导及细胞周期进展等。近年来,他汀类药物除降血脂作用外,其抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、诱导分化或凋亡、抗侵袭作用及增强放疗方面的作用逐渐被国内外学者认识。
Statins, as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, have been used clinically for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. HMG-CoA reductase is the rate-limiting enzyme in the intracellular mevalonate synthesis pathway. Statins can affect many important physiological functions of cells by inhibiting their effects and reducing the production of mevalonate (MVA) and its downstream products: Cell membrane structure, glycoprotein synthesis, intracellular signal transduction and cell cycle progression. In recent years, statins in addition to lipid-lowering effect, the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, induction of differentiation or apoptosis, anti-invasive effect and enhance the role of radiotherapy has gradually been recognized by scholars at home and abroad.