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目的通过现场试验获得5%杀螺胺颗粒剂现场应用的技术指标,为血吸虫感染高危环境应急处置提供钉螺控制新技术。方法在扬州市邗江区(小现场)和仪征市(大现场)各选择1个环境进行5%杀螺胺颗粒剂喷撒灭螺试验,比较不同剂量、不同时间和是否环境清障条件下的杀螺效果。结果小现场试验显示,30、40、50 g/m25%杀螺胺颗粒剂喷撒1、3 d和7 d后,钉螺死亡率分别为54.55%、68.41%和73.45%,57.27%、68.59%和80.28%,63.49%、77.58%和85.55%;其中30 g/m2与40 g/m2剂量组在喷撒后1、3 d钉螺死亡率差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05),喷撒后7 d钉螺死亡率差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.549,P<0.05),40 g/m2与50 g/m2剂量组喷撒后1、3 d和7 d钉螺死亡率差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。大现场试验显示,未清障和清障环境采用40 g/m25%杀螺胺颗粒剂喷撒3、7 d和15 d后钉螺死亡率分别为85.29%、83.89%、83.41%和87.70%、91.02%、91.84%;清障组喷撒后3~15 d钉螺总体死亡率为90.02%,显著高于未清障组(84.28%)(χ2=9.950,P<0.05);清障与未清障组喷撒15 d后活螺密度分别由19.90只/0.1 m2和19.83只/0.1 m2下降至0.60只/0.1 m2和2.60只/0.1 m2,分别下降了96.98%和86.89%。结论 5%杀螺胺颗粒剂现场喷撒灭螺适宜剂量为40g/m2,对环境中高于50 cm的植被清障将提高灭螺效果。
OBJECTIVE: To obtain the technical index of field application of 5% Killer Spirulina Granules by field test and to provide a new technology of snail control for the emergency treatment of high-risk environment of schistosomiasis infection. Methods Spraying snails with 5% spirulina granules in a selected environment in Hanjiang District (small site) and Yizheng City (large site) of Yangzhou City, respectively, to compare the effects of different dosage, different time and environmental obstacle clearance Kill spiral effects. Results Small field trials showed that the mortality rates of Oncomelania snails were 54.55%, 68.41% and 73.45%, 57.27% and 68.59% after being sprayed with 30, 40 and 50 g / m 25% And 80.28%, 63.49%, 77.58% and 85.55% respectively. There was no significant difference in the mortality rates of snails on the first and third day after spraying among the 30 g / m2 and 40 g / m2 dose groups (P> 0.05) The mortality of Oncomelania snails at 7 days after spraying was significantly different (χ2 = 4.549, P <0.05). There was no statistical difference in the mortality rates of snails at 1, 3 and 7 days after spraying between 40 and 50 g / m2 Significance (P> 0.05). Large field tests showed that the mortality of Oncomelania snails was 85.29%, 83.89%, 83.41% and 87.70% respectively after spraying for 3, 7, and 15 days with 40 g / m 25% 91.02% and 91.84% respectively. The overall mortality of snail was 90.02% at 3 ~ 15 d after the spraying, and was significantly higher than that of the untreated group (84.28%) (χ2 = 9.950, P <0.05) After 15 days of spraying, the density of living spiral decreased from 19.90 /0.1 m2 and 19.83 /0.1 m2 to 0.60 /0.1 m2 and 2.60 /0.1 m2 respectively, down by 96.98% and 86.89% respectively. Conclusion The optimum dose of 5% Azoxystrobin was 40g / m2 for spraying molluscicides on the spot, and the effect of molluscicidal effect on mollusc is better than that of 50% for environment.