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加拿大拉布拉多地区的冬季长达八个月,气温有几天(有时几周)常常降到-40℃;那里使用的重型设备在操作和维修方面存在独特的问题。因此,必须很好地制定防冻计划并按时实施。计划内容必须包括:适当地选择燃料油、润滑油、液压油、润滑脂和冷却液等。为了使这些设备能在寒冷的加拿大北部地区安全而经济地运转,通常需要对原设备进行改造。制造厂家所设计制造的设备一般都不是按严寒气候条件考虑的,所以往往需要用户加以摸索改造。设备操作者必须受到专门培训,以使他们能在露天矿冰雪覆盖的路上正确驾驶,培训的重点应放在对运输道路条件的适应能力上。本文介绍了加拿大铁矿公司拉布拉多地区露天矿在设备维修、设备改造以及操作者培训等方面的经验。
Winter in the Labrador area of Canada lasts for eight months. Temperatures often fall to -40°C for days (and sometimes weeks); the heavy equipment used there has unique problems with operation and maintenance. Therefore, antifreeze must be well planned and implemented on time. The plan must include: the appropriate choice of fuel oil, lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, grease and coolant. In order for these devices to operate safely and economically in the cold Canadian North, it is often necessary to retrofit the original equipment. Manufacturers design and manufacture of equipment are generally not considered in terms of cold weather conditions, so often require the user to try to transform. Equipment operators must be specially trained so that they can drive properly on ice-covered roads in open-pit mines. The focus of training should be on the adaptability of the road conditions. This article describes the experience of equipment repair, equipment modification, and operator training for open pit mines in Labrador, a Canadian iron ore company.