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从极具历史和文化价值的徽派古建筑群中提取模型进行火灾数值模拟研究,得出其典型构筑形式对火灾烟气蔓延、烟气速度、温度和分布形式的影响。在模拟过程中,大涡模拟方法被用于求解Navier-Stokes方程。对比数值模拟试验在具有“马头墙”结构和无“马头墙”结构两种情况下展开。结果表明,徽派古建筑特有的“马头墙”结构能有效地阻止火势蔓延到隔壁房屋,但其与“天井”围成的竖井结构虽具备提高人员疏散的成功率的优势,然而从热释放速率、温度截面图和速度截面云图中发现,对流加强致使轰燃发生的时间提前,且强度较无马头墙时高。
From the historical and cultural values of the ancient buildings in Anhui Province to extract the model for numerical simulation of fire, and draw its typical construction forms of fire smoke spread, smoke velocity, temperature and distribution of the form. In the simulation process, large eddy simulation method is used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations. Contrast numerical simulations are carried out in both cases with a “horse head wall” structure and without a “horse head wall” structure. The results show that the unique “horse head wall” structure of ancient buildings in Huizhou style can effectively prevent the spread of fire to the houses next door, but the shaft structure enclosed with “patio” has the advantage of improving the success rate of evacuation. However, it is found from the heat release rate, temperature profile and velocity profile that the enhancement of convection leads to the advance of the flashover and the intensity is higher than that without the head wall.