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于豫中砂壤土设计田间试验,在两个施氮水平下(常规施氮水平、常规施氮水平上增加15%),研究成熟期统一氮素灌淋调亏对烟叶生长发育、烤后烟叶化学成分、中性香气成分以及感官质量等的影响。结果表明:烤烟成熟期氮素灌淋调亏处理,有利于控制烟株生长后期的长势,促进成熟落黄和降低烤后烟叶的蛋白质、烟碱、总氮、钾以及氯的含量,提高还原糖和总糖含量,化学成分更趋协调;增氮条件下调亏处理中上等烟比例和均价分别高出不调亏处理18.03%和20.23%,亩产值高出其他处理12.72%~32.97%,上部叶中性致香成分高出其他处理15.75%~23.55%。因此,适当增加施氮量并结合成熟期灌淋调亏处理既有利于促进烟株前中期发育和干物质积累,提高中性致香物质含量,同时也可促进成熟期烟叶成熟,提高烟叶感官质量、均价、产量以及亩产值,从而提高经济效益。
In the field experiments of sandy loam soil design in Yuzhong, the effects of uniform nitrogen supply and drenching on the growth and development of tobacco leaves, the post-curing tobacco leaves were studied under two nitrogen application levels (conventional nitrogen application rate and 15% conventional nitrogen application rate) Chemical composition, neutral aroma composition and the impact of sensory quality. The results showed that the regulation of nitrogen deficit treatment at maturity of flue-cured tobacco was conducive to controlling the growth of late tobacco plants, promoting ripe yellowing and reducing the contents of protein, nicotine, total nitrogen, potassium and chlorine in the cured tobacco leaves, Sugar and total sugar content, chemical composition more coordinated; under the condition of increasing nitrogen, the proportion and the average price of superior tobacco were 18.03% and 20.23% higher than those of non-stressed deficit treatment, the output value of mu was 12.72% ~ 32.97% , The upper leaves of neutral aroma than other treatments 15.75% ~ 23.55%. Therefore, increasing the amount of nitrogen and combining with the regulation of deficit at maturity not only helps to promote the development of tobacco plants in the mid-term and the accumulation of dry matter, but also enhances the content of neutral aroma compounds. At the same time, it can also promote the maturity of tobacco leaves and improve the sensory organs Quality, average price, output and output per mu, so as to improve economic efficiency.