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为研究干式空调器的性能,需建立干式空调器的稳态仿真模型。其中,压缩机采用集中参数模型,冷凝器、蒸发器和螺旋状毛细管采用分布参数模型。基于仿真计算,分析了毛细管长度对空调器在不同制冷剂充注量下的蒸发器入口壁面温度、制冷剂流量、过热度、耗功量、制冷量和COP的影响。结果表明充注量不变情况下,随着毛细管长度的增加,蒸发器入口壁温下降,制冷剂流量减小,过热度增大,耗功量变化不大,制冷量和COP先增加后减小,存在最佳的毛细管长度使制冷量和COP最大。最后,研制了干式空调器样机,并在焓差实验室进行测试。该干式空调器性能参数的仿真计算结果与实验结果的相对误差最大值为7.43%。仿真模型和研究结果可为干式空调器的性能分析提供参考。
In order to study the performance of dry air conditioners, a steady-state simulation model of dry air conditioners needs to be established. Among them, the compressor adopts the centralized parameter model, the condenser, the evaporator and the spiral capillary adopt the distribution parameter model. Based on the simulation calculation, the influence of capillary length on the wall temperature, refrigerant flow rate, superheat, power consumption, cooling capacity and COP of the evaporator at different refrigerant charge was analyzed. The results show that with the increase of the capillary length, the wall temperature of the evaporator decreases, the flow rate of the refrigerant decreases, the degree of superheat increases, the power consumption does not change much, and the cooling capacity and COP increase first and then decrease Small, there is the best capillary length so that the maximum cooling capacity and COP. Finally, a dry air conditioner prototype was developed and tested in enthalpy difference laboratory. The maximum value of the relative error between the simulation results and the experimental results of the performance parameters of the dry air conditioner is 7.43%. Simulation models and research results can provide reference for the performance analysis of dry air conditioners.