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目的:了解本地区轻度胃肠炎伴婴幼儿良性惊厥(benign infantile convulsions with mild gastroenteritis，BICE)的病原分布，探讨血清细胞因子与BICE的相关性。方法:选取我院2017年1月至2019年12月门诊及病房诊治的80例BICE患儿为BICE组，选择同期不伴有惊厥发作的轻度胃肠炎患儿80例作为对照组。肠道病毒检测使用荧光PCR法；血清细胞因子白细胞介素(interleukin，IL)-6、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor，TNF)-α、IL-8、可溶性白细胞介素-2受体(soluble interleukin-2 receptor，SIL-2R)使用化学发光法进行检测，比较两组各指标水平差异，分析BICE患儿惊厥发生及发生次数和持续时间与上述指标的相关性。结果:本地区BICE病原以轮状病毒感染为主：BICE组80例患儿轮状病毒阳性31例(38.8%)，诺如病毒阳性8例(10.0%)。BICE组IL-6、IL-8、SIL-2R水平显著高于对照组(n P0.05)；惊厥发作次数≥ 2次组及惊厥持续时间≥5 min组患儿血清IL-6、TNF-α、IL-8、SIL-2R水平均高于惊厥发作次数<2次及惊厥持续时间<5 min患儿组(n P<0.05)；惊厥发作次数和惊厥持续时间均与IL-6、TNF-α、IL-8、SIL-2R水平呈正相关(n P<0.05)。n 结论:本地区BICE病原以轮状病毒为主；BICE存在免疫失衡，尤其是IL-6和SIL-2R水平变化更为明显，可能为判断病情发展及预后提供有效的细胞学及实验检测数据方面的依据。“,”Objective:To investigate the pathogenic distribution of benign infantile convulsions with mild gastroenteritis(BICE)and explore the relevance of serum cytokines and BICE.Methods:Eighty BICE infants admitted in Inner Mongolia Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were selected as BICE group, and 80 mild gastroenteritis infants without convulsion attack were selected as control group during the same period.Fluorometric real-time PCR was used to detect the pathogen of enterovirus.Serum cytokines including interleukin(IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, IL-8 and soluble interleukin-2 receptor(SIL-2R)were detected by using chemiluminescence method.The relevance of frequency and duration of convulsion in infants with BICE and the indicators above were analyzed.Results:Rotavirus infection was the main cause of BICE during the study period in this region.Among 80 cases in the BICE group, rotavirus positive infants accounted for 38.8%(31/80) and norovirus positive infants accounted for 10.0%(8/80). The levels of IL-6, IL-8 and SIL-2R in the BICE group were prominently higher than those in the control group(n P0.05). The levels of IL-6, TNF -α, IL-8, SIL-2R in the group with convulsion attack times ≥ 2 and convulsion duration ≥5 min were higher than those in the group with convulsion attack times<2 and convulsion duration<5 min(n P<0.05). The frequency and duration of convulsions were positively correlated with the levels of IL-6, TNF -α, IL-8 and SIL-2R(n P<0.05).n Conclusion:Rotavirus is the main pathogen of BICE in this region.There is immunologic imbalance in children with BICE, especially the changes of IL-6 and SIL-2R levels, which may provide effective cytological and experimental data evidence for judging progression and prognosis of the disease.