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目的:探讨北京地区低出生体重儿的发病情况、临床特点及危险因素。方法:本研究对北京地区2011年1月~2011年12月分娩的孕妇,采用多中心、分层的方法,选取北京妇产医院、友谊医院、大兴妇幼保健院、通州妇幼保健院进行调查,采集病例18 396例,回顾性分析低出生体重儿的现状。结果北京地区低出生体重儿发生率为4.4%,超低出生体重儿发生率为0.03%,极低出生体重儿发生率为0.46%,巨大儿发生率为7.55%;低出生体重儿中,平均分娩孕周为34.69±2.831,其中早产儿占71.22%,胎膜早破新生儿占38.25%;经logistic回归分析,发现早产、妊娠期高血压疾病、居民类型、妊娠合并子宫肌瘤和多胎妊娠是低出生体重儿的危险因素。结论北京地区低出生体重儿发生率为4.4%,低出生体重儿中早产儿及胎膜早破新生儿居多,北京地区低出生体重儿的危险因素是早产、妊娠期高血压疾病、居民类型、妊娠合并子宫肌瘤和多胎妊娠。
Objective: To investigate the incidence, clinical features and risk factors of low birth weight infants in Beijing. Methods: In this study, pregnant women of Beijing area from January 2011 to December 2011 were surveyed by Beijing Maternity Hospital, Friendship Hospital, Daxing Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital by multi-center and stratified methods. A total of 18 396 cases were collected, and the status of low birth weight children was retrospectively analyzed. Results The incidence of low birth weight infants in Beijing was 4.4%, the incidence of low birth weight infants was 0.03%, the incidence of very low birth weight infants was 0.46% and the incidence of macrosomia was 7.55%. Among low birth weight infants, the average Gestational age was 34.69 ± 2.831, of which 71.22% premature children, premature rupture of membranes accounted for 38.25%; logistic regression analysis found that preterm birth, gestational hypertension, resident type, pregnancy with uterine fibroids and multiple pregnancy Is a risk factor for low birth weight infants. Conclusion The prevalence of LBW in Beijing is 4.4%. The prevalence of LBW in preterm infants and premature rupture of membranes is high in Beijing. The risk factors for LBW in Beijing are premature birth, gestational hypertension, resident type, Pregnancy with uterine fibroids and multiple pregnancies.